{"id":6430,"date":"2016-04-07t11:00:13","date_gmt":"2016-04-07t18:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/?p=6430"},"modified":"2017-11-07t16:58:24","modified_gmt":"2017-11-08t00:58:24","slug":"how-to-answer-graph-and-chart-questions-in-new-sat-math","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/sat\/how-to-answer-graph-and-chart-questions-in-new-sat-math\/","title":{"rendered":"how to answer graph and chart questions in new sat math"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"feature_sphere\"<\/div>\n
photo by\u00a0craig kaplan<\/a><\/div>\n

the new sat really puts an emphasis on visuals in all of its sections. you\u2019ll find charts and graphs in reading, writing and language, and math. with this new emphasis on visual literacy<\/em>, the reading of graphs and charts, it\u2019s good to prepare for the kinds of visuals you\u2019ll see on the exam.<\/p>\n

in this post, we\u2019ll look at the graphics in the most visual part of the new sat: the math section.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

geometric visuals in new sat math<\/h2>\n

the biggest change to sat math involves geometric figures, which are images of lines, angles, and shapes. with the new sat\u2019s increased emphasis on geometry<\/a>, there are now so many more of these!<\/p>\n

in the case of geometric forms, it\u2019s important to understand that some geometric forms are drawn to scale<\/em>, and some aren\u2019t. if a form is drawn to scale, then the angles and proportions are visually accurate. in other words, an angle that\u2019s labeled as (for example) 90 degrees on a geometric image will actually be 90 degrees if you physically measure it with a protractor. similarly, if one drawn-to-scale line is labeled as being 10 centimeters long, and another line in the image appears to be half the length of the 10cm line, the shorter line can be accurately estimated at roughly 5cm.<\/p>\n

so obviously, drawn-to-scale images can help test-takers estimate answers for measurements that aren\u2019t given in the image or problem. how can you know if an image is drawn to scale? easy! the exam will tell you if an image is not<\/em> drawn to scale, with a disclaimer that says \u201cnote: figure not drawn to scale.\u201d any geometric images that don\u2019t have this note are<\/em> drawn to scale. so if an estimation of an angle, line length or other measurement in the image is required, you can \u201ceyeball\u201d the image and approximate measurements based on known data.<\/p>\n

for instance, in this drawn-to-scale diagram, you can estimate that angle adb is 90 degrees, and you can make further sight-based assessments that the degrees of bda and cda are smaller than 90. furthermore, a close visual inspection shows that angles cad and dab are smaller than bda and cda. these visual estimates can help you eliminate multiple choice answers that are inconsistent with the image, and select a correct answer that matches what you see.<\/p>\n

\"graph1\"<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

it\u2019s equally important to not<\/em> attempt this kind of estimation of the image isn\u2019t to scale, of course. here is a diagram where you can\u2019t do that, and must rely on knowledge about the rules of geometry to answer the question:<\/p>\n

solve for x:
\n(note: figure not drawn to scale)
\n\"graph2\"<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
photo by\u00a0schoolbag.info<\/a><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

in this case, you can\u2019t estimate the angle of x just by looking at it, because the scale is not accurate. however, you can understand that a straight line is a 180 degree angle and you can further understand that opposite angles in an intersection of lines are congruent, having the same degree measurement. from there, you can understand that the equation to solve for x is<\/em> x<\/em> + 2x<\/em>+3x<\/em>= 180, or 6x<\/em>=180.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

for all geometric imagery, it\u2019s important to understand the mathematical principles, rules, and vocabulary that underscore what you\u2019re looking at. suppose you see this image (not drawn to scale) in a new sat math question:<\/p>\n

\"graph3\"<\/div>\n

you should immediately be able to understand that r<\/em> stands for radius<\/em> and that h<\/em> stands for height. you should know that the radius<\/em> is the length from the edge of a circle to its center. you will further need to understand that radius<\/em> and pi <\/em>(the number indicated by this symbol: \u03c0) can be used together to calculate the area of a cylinder\u2019s base<\/em>, its circular bottom surface. additionally, you should know that the formula for the area of a base is \u03c0r\u00b2.<\/em> in connection with this, you should also recognize that h<\/em> and r<\/em> in the image can be used together to calculate the volume of the cylinder. the formula for cylinder volume is pi times base squared times height, or \u03c0r\u00b2h.<\/em> (using the numbers given in this image, that would be \u03c0<\/em>2\u00b2<\/em>10, or \u03c0<\/em>40. since \u03c0<\/em>= approximately 3.14, the volume of this cylinder is around 125 square centimeters.)<\/p>\n

be prepared to have a similar fluency in other geometric vocabulary, formulas, and concepts. although the new sat will give you the formula you need in some cases, you are likely to use geometric principles clumsily if you haven\u2019t already learned and practiced these formulas before test day. without good prior knowledge of geometry, there is a high risk that you\u2019ll misread and miscalculate what you see in the geometric images on the test.<\/p>\n

while geometric visuals are a very significant part of math in the new sat, graphs and tables that index information are also very important to this section of the exam. i’ll cover those next.<\/p>\n

other new sat math infographics, graphs and charts<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"geometry\"<\/div>\n
photo by radius images\/corbis<\/a><\/div>\n

now, i\u2019m going to walk you through the graphs and charts found in non-geometry problems. i\u2019ll show you how to read data infographics and how to use this graphic information to correctly answer new sat math questions.<\/p>\n

in math on the new sat, graphs and tables index two types of information: concrete \u201cstory problem\u201d information and abstract mathematical concepts. a visual with concrete information shows statistics for specific things, such as the number of people in a group of students, the relationship between two variables such as educational level and income, and so on.<\/p>\n

here is a typical \u201cstory problem\u201d type graph that you might see on the new sat:<\/p>\n

\"datavisuals1\"<\/div>\n

with a graph like this, you\u2019ll be asked to make calculations, estimates or interpretations of the relationship between age and the ability to read road signs while driving. there can be other similar visuals where the only things you\u2019re being questioned on is a mathematical concept. take a new sat question like this one:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • which of the following graphs best shows a weak positive association between x<\/em> and y<\/em>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \"datavisuals2\"<\/div>\n

    (answer:<\/strong> d)<\/p>\n

    here, the graphs only show mathematical concepts of association, and don\u2019t actually deal with the way any specific variables are associated with each other.<\/p>\n

    this same split between \u201cpure math\u201d and \u201cstory problem math\u201d can be seen in data tables. on the new sat\u2019s math section, you\u2019ll often see tables presented in this way in a question:<\/p>\n

    \"datavisuals3\"<\/div>\n

    a) f(n)= n<\/em>-10
    \nb) f(n)=<\/em>8n-<\/em>17
    \nc) f(n)=<\/em>8n-<\/em>10
    \nd) f(n)=n<\/em>+8<\/p>\n

    (answer: <\/strong>b)<\/p>\n

    a story-problem-based table might look more like this:<\/p>\n

    average height of different species of trees plot a, a 3 square mile forested area:<\/p>\n

    \"datavisuals4\"<\/div>\n

    in a story problem based on the table above, you might crunch the numbers in various ways, making calculations that pertain to real-world variables such as average tree height, differences in heights between tree species, and so on.<\/p>\n

    some test-takers find graphs and tables that deal in \u201cpure math\u201d to be easier than story-problem infographics, because there is less information to keep track of. other test-takers (myself included) are a little bit more comfortable with graphs and tables that contain specific information, as this can make it easier to visual a math problem.<\/p>\n

    regardless of your preferences, in the new sat math section you should be prepared to read a variety of visuals, some of which index abstract math concepts and some of which represent specific information that\u2019s part of a larger story problem.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    new redesigned sat math questions test students frequently on their ability to interpret diagrams, graphs, charts, and infographics. here’s what you need to know.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[91],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[24913],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nhow to answer graph and chart questions on new sat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"new redesigned sat math questions test students frequently on their ability to interpret diagrams, graphs, charts, and infographics. here's what you need to know.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/sat\/how-to-answer-graph-and-chart-questions-in-new-sat-math\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_us\" \/>\n<meta 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recine","image":{"@type":"imageobject","inlanguage":"en-us","@id":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/c25f47bb3a8328890274eea1ac8ba62f","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cb83f01789b236e00117edd9663c4568?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contenturl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cb83f01789b236e00117edd9663c4568?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"david recine"},"description":"david is a test prep expert for magoosh toefl and ielts. additionally, he's helped students with toeic, pet, fce, bulats, eiken, sat, act, gre, and gmat. david has a bs and ma from the university of wisconsin-eau claire and an ma from the university of wisconsin-river falls.","sameas":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/magooshenglishlearning","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/david-recine\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/ucra3kqojlop7rywacyh2qew"],"knowsabout":["toefl","ielts","toeic","pet","fce","bulats","eiken","sat","act","gre","gmat"],"knowslanguage":["english","italian"],"jobtitle":"content 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href=\"https:\/\/www.readingwithpictures.org\/2013\/09\/research-highlight-teaching-english-language-learners-with-comics\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> reading with pictures<\/a> website, and he's presented at the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.witesol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/2014-witesol-program-final-10-28-14.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> witesol (link to pdf)<\/a> and<a href=\"https:\/\/issuu.com\/interoff\/docs\/nafsaregionv_2014conference\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> nafsa<\/a> conferences. david has taught k-12 esl in south korea as well as undergraduate english and mba-level business english at american universities. he has also trained english teachers in america, italy, and peru.\r\n\r\ncome join david and the magoosh team on<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/ucra3kqojlop7rywacyh2qew\"> youtube<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/magooshenglishlearning\"> facebook<\/a>, and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/magooshenglish\/?hl=en\"> instagram<\/a>, or connect with him via<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/david-recine\/\"> linkedin<\/a>!"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6430"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/80"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6430\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6430"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=6430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}