{"id":1037,"date":"2013-04-22t09:00:37","date_gmt":"2013-04-22t09:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/sat\/?p=1037"},"modified":"2018-10-20t14:18:38","modified_gmt":"2018-10-20t21:18:38","slug":"number-properties-and-factor-trees-on-the-sat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.catharsisit.com\/hs\/sat\/number-properties-and-factor-trees-on-the-sat\/","title":{"rendered":"number properties and factor trees on the sat"},"content":{"rendered":"
sat math loves number properties<\/a> <\/span>almost as much as it loves triangles<\/a>. of course, that\u2019s actually a wide range of topics. number properties describe how integers can be broken down, combined, or worked with in different ways; exponent patterns, odds and evens, positives and negatives, and divisibility all fall under the number property umbrella, as do others.<\/p>\n getting these question right on your sat comes down to a few things. the most important is simply knowing rules (e.g. negative times negative is positive). beyond that, you also have to be capable of finding patterns in numbers. doing a little bit of experimenting and looking for rhyme or reason pays off. you also have to see numbers inside<\/i> numbers.<\/p>\n that is, if you see a 21, you should immediately recognize that\u2019s 7 times 3 and be ready to work with that fact. questions that ask about factors and multiples are perfect examples of how the sat assesses that skill.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n you\u2019re probably already pretty familiar with factor trees, so i\u2019m not going to bore you with how to make one. but just in case you\u2019re a little fuzzy on what it looks like:<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n \u2026such a comfortable, familiar shape. i learned how to draw a christmas tree like that when i was in kindergarten and i\u2019ve been doing it ever since. (clearly, i am quite the artist.<\/a>)<\/p>\n by the way, you should remember that those factors hanging off of the very bottom of our tree are all prime numbers<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n though the sat rarely uses the terms, you should definitely be comfortable finding both least common multiples and the greatest common factors before you take the test.<\/p>\n the lcm is the smallest number that includes all <\/i>of the prime factors of both<\/i> numbers.<\/p>\n sometimes that means just multiplying all of the numbers together if the two numbers don\u2019t share any common factors.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n sometimes it means taking just as many as you need.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n since 4 gave us 2 as a factor twice, we don\u2019t need to use the 2 from the factors of 6.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n the greatest common factor is pretty similar. get the prime factors of both numbers, then find what\u2019s in common. sometimes there\u2019s nothing shared, like with 9 and 4 above, which means the gcf is 1 (both are divisible by 1, after all). sometimes there\u2019s only one factor in common, like with 6 and 4 above. in that case, the gcf is 2, since that\u2019s the only factor they share.<\/p>\n but sometimes, you need to multiply together shared factors.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n if you want to be extra careful, you can always divide both number by that gcf you got.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n sometimes you\u2019ll need to find all<\/i> of the factors of a specific number. that means making a factor tree, then combining those prime factors in every possible way.<\/p>\n lets use that factor tree for the number 84.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n those prime factors are a start. also, remember that every list of factors should start with the number 1, since it\u2019s a factor of every integer.<\/p>\n so our list so far is 1, 2, 3, and 7.<\/p>\n now, let\u2019s combine them. let\u2019s start with the 2 furthest on the right, and combine it with every other prime factor.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n so we can add 4, 6, and 14 to the list.<\/p>\n now let\u2019s combine that 2 with pairs<\/i> of the other prime factors.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n add 12, 28, and 42 to the list….<\/p>\n then we\u2019re done using the first 2, so cross it off.<\/p>\nsplitting integers up<\/h2>\n
least common multiple<\/h2>\n
greatest common factor<\/h2>\n
all of the factors<\/h2>\n